Brinjal crop suffers severely due to the attack of various insect pests, which reduced its yield and quality of fruits. The name brinjal is popular in indian subcontinents and is derived from arabic and sanskrit whereas. Sweet potato cultivation information guide asia farming. Only natural inputs, biofertilizers, botanicals, bioagents are permitted organic cultivation of vegetable crops. The fruit is less than 3cm in diameter but 30 cm in cultivated form. Brinjal farming, planting, care, harvesting a full guide. Brinjal presentation 1 production technology of brinjal. The colour of flower is orange with big ruffled florets. Pdf antiquity of the cultivation and use of brinjal in india. The cultivation and use of brinjal eggplantaubergine is of great antiquity. Giving 5 to 6 ploughings should bring the soil to fine tilth stage and any weeds from previous crops should be removed. The sweet potato crop is an herbaceous perennial vine which bears alternate heart shaped leaves and medium sized sympetalous flowers.
Feb 14, 2015 brinjal is hardy plant and can be grown o wide range of soils. Bt brinjal was found to be effective against fsb, with 98% insect mortality in bt brinjal shoots and 100% in fruits compared to less than 30% mortality in nonbt counterparts. The heads are solid, short core and weighing of about 1. Fruits are oval in shape, glossy pink in colour with green tinge in the distal end. The composition of edible portion of brinjal is given in table 1. The name brinjal is popular in indian subcontinents and is derived from arabic and sanskrit whereas the name eggplant has been derived from the shape of the fruit of some varieties, which are white and resemble in shape to chicken eggs. Gujarat, the total area under brinjal cultivation is 0.
Improved brinjal cultivation kvk thiruvannamalai 201011 shri. Shweta kumari 1, nagendran k 1, rai a b 1, singh b 1 and g p rao 2 1 working as a research scientist at icariivr, varanasi. More and more attention is being paid, by the eu, and also by italy, to en vironmental sustainability, biodiversity and. In kerala and other west coast areas india where the rainfall begins early, the crop can be planted during aprilmay with receipt of premonsoon showers. Marigold is cheapest and easiest variety for cultivation and its give assured income to the farmers. It is from india, as philological studies indicate, that brinjal. Cultivation practices in india chapter 1 introduction 2 1. The remarkable success of bt cotton in india, which now occupies 80% of the 9. Eggplant growing brinjal a beginners guide kisan central. General description brinjal or eggplant solanum melongena l. Pdf the cultivation and use of brinjal eggplantaubergine is of. Production techniques for brinjal in tripura icar tripura. The plowing is done by soil turning plough and subsequent 23.
The experiment entitled quality evaluation of organic brinjal was conducted to study and compare the quality characteristics of brinjal cultivated using organic and conventional methods. The brinjal thus produced were reported to be of good quality and appearance. Study on seed germination and growth behavior of brinjal. Growing 1,00,000kg brinjal in bastar, this farmer earns. It takes about 6065 days from transplanting to head formation. Brinjal is hardy plant and can be grown o wide range of soils. Taxonomy genus solanum comprises approximately 2000 species, which include both tuber bearing and nontuber bearing forms. To get rid of the disease the plant needs to be removed completely. Brinjal fields should be regularly irrigated to keep the soil moist during frosty days.
The methodology is discussed under the following heads a. Isolating the seed crop brinjal is a crosspollinated crop. Harvesting and handling practices must be followed to avoid fruits loosing glossy or compression injuries as this will become unfit for marketing. Site selection can be important if early eggplant production is required. Solanum melongena is grown worldwide for its edible fruit. It is a pure line selection from elavambadi village of vellore district.
Intercultural operations in sweet potato cultivation. He engaged in brinjal cultivation for more than five years. Sekar belongs to seeyamangalam village in vandavasi taluk of thiruvannamalai district. It bears a fruit of the same name, commonly used as a vegetable in cooking. Eggplant usa, australia, new zealand, anglophone canada, aubergine uk, ireland, quebec or brinjal south asia, south africa is a plant species in the nightshade family solanaceae. It is a cluster bearing type and yields about 4045 tonnesha in a crop duration of 140150 days. Climate and soil requirement for brinjal cultivation. A long growing season of about 120 days is required for successful production. Sep 02, 2017 harvesting and handling practices must be followed to avoid fruits loosing glossy or compression injuries as this will become unfit for marketing. Generally, well drained and fertile sandy loam soils are preferred for brinjal cultivation.
Brinjal pests shoot and fruit borer leucinodes orbonali s. Poorly drained soils usually result in reduced functional root area, poor plant growth and low yields. The characteristic symptoms of the disease include wilting of the foliage followed by collapse of the entire. As it is a long duration crop, it requires well drained fertile sandy loam soil which is best suited for its cultivation and gives good yield. Vegetable production technologies and organic production. Most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. Classic large, oval, pear or teardrop shaped fruit are european or italian types. Like tomatoes, eggplants are a part of the solanaceae family and are prone to the soil borne disease verticillium wilt.
The certifiedseed production field must be 100 metres away from other brinjal variety or vegetable field. Primary focus on management practices that promote and enhance ecological harmony. This topic provides information on package of practices of brinjal. The multilocation research trials mlrts confirmed that bt brinjal required, on average, 77% less insecticides than nonbt counterparts for control of fsb, and 42% less. Cover the seed with cocopeat and keep the trays one above the other and cover with a polythene sheet till germination starts. Significance and scope of vegetable cultivation 1 1. Bt brinjal also yields significantly more marketable fruit than conventional hybrids and openpollinated varieties. Resistant to leaf spot,verticillium wilt and epilachna beetle. In this post you will get lecture wise pdf of different topics in production technology of vegetables pdf in the end of the post you will get full book pdf of production technology of vegetables. Brinjal is one of the most common tropical vegetables grown in india.
If you are planning on large scale commercial cultivation, soil testing is preferred to find out the soil fertility. No synthetic substances or chemicals, hormones, gm crops are permitted. Some important plant pathogenic disease of brinjal. Establishment periods for the main production areas of south africa will then be. An experiment was conducted to study the seed germination and. It is one of the major and serious insect pests of brinjal.
Bt brinjal is the genetically modified version of regular brinjal. The asian or lebanese varieties are about 1020 cm long. Apart from this aphids, caterpillars, fruit flies, twospotted mites are a threat too. T2 organic input vegetables pgs certified the cultivation area meeting all. This crop is prone to massive attacks by several species of fungi and bacteria that cause wilt, soft rot and root rot because of the increasing restriction in the use of chemical fungicides due to concern for the environment and human health, microbial. It was reported that use of cml increased the production of brinjal by 06to 08 times. Major brinjal growing states in india are west bengal contributing 30% of total production, orissa 20%, and gujarat and bihar together 10% each. Brinjal suffers from several soilborne diseases including damping off, bacterial wilt, and verticillium wilt. Solanum melongena is grown worldwide for its edible fruit most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. Damping off fungi pythium, phytophtora and rhizoctonia attack germinating seeds, creating lesions on the stems and later the collapse of seedlings. It is from india, as philological studies indicate, that brinjal moved to west asia and europe.
Chilli crop can be cultivated as an intercrop or as a standalone chilli plantation. Marigold cultivation marigold farming crop guide marigold. Constrains faced by the brinjal growers in adoption of recommended cultivation practices in akola district. Bacterial wilt disease is a serious problem for brinjal cultivation in kerala. It has fewer outer leaves which are cup shaped and arranged in two whorls.
Paul abstract brinjal, also known as eggplant and aubergine, is bangladeshs third most important vegetable in terms of both yield and area cultivated. The top dressing of fertilizers should be done along with the second intercultivation. Here is the complete information on green chilli cultivation including ideal conditions, seed varieties, land preparation, planting etc. Plants are semiupright, vigorous, well branches and free of spines. Brinjal is a hardy crop so it can be grown on different type of soils. Although often considered a vegetable, it is a berry by botanical definition.
Cultivation of brinjal is maximum in orissa, west bengal, bihar and is also distributed in almost all states. After 6 days, place the protrays with germinated seeds individually on the raised beds inside the shade net. Cultivation and management practices of brinjal in nepal. Nasunin also binds with the excess iron and remove it from the body, by a process known as chelation. Brinjal or eggplant is an important crop of subtropics and tropics. The development and regulation of bt brinjal in india. For a second crop of brinjal, seeds are sown from march to april. Jul, 2018 constrains faced by the brinjal growers in adoption of recommended cultivation practices in akola district. The indiabased maharashtra hybrid seed company mahyco developed an eggplant expressing cry1ac ee1 for. He used to follow the traditional cultural practices of brinjal, as result, the income from the crop was not satisfactory due to problems viz, shoot and fruit borer pest incidence, less fruit set, lack of uniformity of plants in field, low market price. Besides, two manual weeding is required at 30 and 60 days after planting. Timely irrigation is very important for high yields of brinjal. Seedlings in seeding trays could be transplanted to. Growing 1,00,000kg brinjal in bastar, this farmer earns big.
Chronology of the development and approval of bt brinjal in india. In india, about 44 pests have been reported to attack. Unlike the adults, the crawlers are free from waxy coating and therefore the crawler stage is the most effective for spraying pesticides. The flower is white to purple, with a five lobed corolla and yellow stamens. Cultivation practices soil preparation welldrained, sandy loam soils are ideal for eggplant production. Depending on growing season, variety, region and under best cultivation practices a farmer can expect a yield of 30 to 50 tonnes per hectare. Fruits free from bitter principles with slow seed maturity and good cooking quality. Seedlings are grown on raised nursery bed of 15 cm height. The eggplant, aubergine, or brinjal solanum melongena is a plant of the family solanaceae also known as the nightshades and genus solanum. Daytime temperatures should be maintained between 23c to 25c and night temperature not lower than 18c. Fig farming project report anjeer, cultivation economics. Som and malty 1986 reported that the actual area under brinjal cultivation in india is not available due to its seasonal nature of cultivation.
Soil sterilization and seed treatment are recommended control practices. The following information is about the farming of brinjal vegetable, brinjal planting from seeds and eggplant cultivation practices. They grow about 1525 cm long and are available in varieties like purpleblack, softlavender, or palegreen skin. He used to follow the traditional cultural practices of brinjal, as result, the income from the crop was not satisfactory. Bt stands for bacillus thuringiensis, which is a gram positive soil bacterium that contains a protein that is toxic to a narrow range of insects, including the brinjal shoot and fruit borer, but otherwise. Cool nights and short summers are unfavorable to its satisfactory yields. Brinjal also contains flavonoid namely nasunin, which is also a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger and protects brain cell membranes. Eggplant farming brinjal information guide asia farming. It is a warm season crop and is very susceptible to frost. Fruits are free from bitter principles with slow seed maturity and good cooking quality. Model 128 or 200 seedling trays are the most po pular. Production technology of vegetables crop free pdf download. Some important plant pathogenic disease of brinjal solanum.
The plant that is disease free and has tasty fruits should be selected. Brinjal farming, planting, care, harvesting a full guide agri. To suppress the weeds carry out 2 weeding and earthing up tasks about 2 weeks and 5 weeks after planting in the field. Ppt brinjal presentation powerpoint presentation online. Natural farming method brinjal cultivation success story. Mar 12, 2015 the following information is about the farming of brinjal vegetable, brinjal planting from seeds and eggplant cultivation practices. T1 organic brinjal pgs certified the cultivation area meeting all the requirements prescribed by the ngo. Three types of farming practices were identified as the treatment for the study. The name brinjal is popular in indian subcontinents and is derived from arabic and sanskrit whereas the name eggplant has been derived from the. It is a good source of minerals and vitamins and is rich in total water soluble sugars, free reducing sugars, amide proteins among other nutrients.
There are no such free living populations of brinjal in india. Black beauty is the most popular and reliable variety. Late round varieties are more tolerant of frost than the early long varieties. Jan 03, 2016 if you are planning on large scale commercial cultivation, soil testing is preferred to find out the soil fertility. The heads should be 1 harvested immediately after head formation. Introducing genetically modified brinjal eggplant aubergine in bangladesh mst. The name brinjal is popular in indian subcontinents and is derived from arabic and sanskrit whereas the name eggplant has been derived from the shape of the fruit of some varieties, which are white and. It is a cluster bearing type and yields about 4045 tonnesha in a. The eggplant solanum melongena is one of the most widely grown vegetable crops all over the world, including the indian subcontinent. The purpose of this article is to provide information on the history, accomplishments, and future direction of the bt brinjal eggplant program in bangladesh, formerly under the agricultural biotechnology support project ii, now the south asia eggplant improvement partnership saeip. However, the experts are confident that with the new heat resistant varieties, more farmers will do marigold cultivation and thus make punjab will no more be dependent on haryana and up for fulfilling the demand for the plant in the state. The sweet potato is an important crop and basically grown for its starchy tuberous roots in tropical and suntropical regions. The plant of this variety is medium strature, grows a heit of 8085 cm.
For early crop light soil are good and for high yield clay loam, silt loam are suitable. It is a slow growing crop hence it needs weed free environment during the early phase. To make brinjal cultivation a success in this terrain, he adopted the horticulture technique of grafting the root and stem of different varieties of brinjal plant to grow them as a single plant. Seed production in brinjal ppt by aneeldev authorstream.